However, in a legal sense, the freedom of expression includes any activity of seeking, receiving, and imparting information or ideas, regardless of the medium used.Īrticle 19 of the UDHR states that "everyone shall have the right to hold opinions without interference" and "everyone shall have the right to freedom of expression this right shall include freedom to seek, receive, and impart information and ideas of all kinds, regardless of frontiers, either orally, in writing or in print, in the form of art, or through any other media of his choice". ![]() Terms like free speech, freedom of speech, and freedom of expression are used interchangeably in political discourse. Many countries have constitutional law that protects free speech. The right to freedom of expression has been recognised as a human right in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and international human rights law by the United Nations. The Judge accepted that the stop constituted an indirect interference with press freedom – but held that the interference was justified and found it lawful.Freedom of speech is a principle that supports the freedom of an individual or a community to articulate their opinions and ideas without fear of retaliation, censorship, or legal sanction. Liberty intervened in the case, arguing that it was a violation of Article 10 that Schedule 7 could be used in this way. The Court found that this purpose did fall properly within Schedule 7 of the 2000 Act. The ostensible purpose of the stop was to determine what information Miranda was carrying and ascertain whether its release or dissemination would be severely damaging to UK national security interests. He was helping Greenwald with this work and was on his way back to their home after meeting with a filmmaker, also working on the surveillance revelations, when he was detained. Miranda is the partner of journalist Glenn Greenwald who had recently written several stories about the Snowden surveillance revelations for The Guardian. His electronic equipment was confiscated and he was questioned for hours without a lawyer present. ![]() He was questioned under Schedule 7 of the Terrorism Act 2000 and freed only when officers reached the legal time limit for either arresting or releasing him. So Article 10 protects both popular and unpopular expression – including speech that might shock others – subject to certain limitations.ĭavid Miranda was detained by police at Heathrow Airport for nine hours in August 2013. The right to free expression would be meaningless if it only protected certain types of expression.Commercial expression – particularly when it also raises matters of legitimate public debate and concern.Political expression – including peaceful protests and demonstrations.It’s often used to defend press freedom and protect journalists’ sources. Liberty and other human rights groups have used Article 10 to challenge the UK Government’s mass surveillance – which scoops up all our correspondence, putting our rights to privacy, free expression and protest and our free press in jeopardy.Īrticle 10 also protects your right to communicate and express yourself in any medium – including through words, pictures and actions. It means we’re free to hold opinions and ideas and to share them with others without the State interfering. ![]() Article 10 of the Human Rights Act protects a right that’s fundamental to our democracy – our freedom of expression is fundamental to our democracy.
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